Fortaleza Real Felipe

I haven't been travelling much lately, but I did sneak in some time to see some new spots in Lima. One of the places that I had been wanting to see was the Fortaleza Real Felipe in Callao.  Knowing that parts of Callao are notoriously dangerous and that the tours of the fort were only in Spanish, I had pushed it to the side until I could find a suitable escort to take me there.

Luckily, I found one who not only drove me there but also translated the tour for me!  I was really glad that I got the chance to see it-and on such a beautiful day!

My escort is a big history buff too, so I really enjoyed learning more about the history of Peru, even though there are things from different eras.  The main story is that the fort was the last holdout of the Spanish royalists during the fight for independence in the 1820s.  There is a really sad story that during the siege they were starving so they sent women and children out of the fort where they were gunned down by independence fighters.

The fort was originally built in 1747 as protection from pirates.  I guess pentagon-shaped forts were all the rage around that time since Fort Pitt has a very similar plan from a couple decades later.

Nowadays the fort functions mainly as a military museum.  This building is the Governor's House. Originally it had 3 shields carved into the stone above the doorways, but these were removed after the independence fighters took control of the fort.  Now it has various displays about the evolution of Peru as a country as well as other aspects of military history.

We were only able to see the Queen's Tower from afar.  It was originally used for storage for ammunition and other supplies.

However, we were able to tour around the King's Tower.  Unfortunately (?), we got separated from our tour group at this time, so my facts are a little sparse for this part.

This was a prison cell/hallway.  I got about halfway in before I started to freak out from the confined space.
The idea of ending up in this jail would keep me on the straight and narrow!

These are flags that would have been flown to communicate with ships.  I remember that he white was for diplomatic purposes and the yellow one was for quarantine. but I'm not sure about the other 2.  

I was really surprised to see 9 people on a cannon crew!

The view from the top of the King's Tower.  

The grounds are full of interesting memorabilia as well.  There are displays of tanks and guns used in wars throughout the ages as well as statues of great military heroes.

The Monument to the Unknown Soldier is dedicated to all those who have sacrificed their lives fighting for their country.

This is a replica of the casa de la repuesta-the place in Arica where Francisco Bolognesi refused to surrender to Chile, despite being vastly outnumbered and outgunned. 

Arica ultimately fell to Chile and Bolognesi was killed during the battle; however, he is still revered for his courage and patriotism.  This statue of Bolognesi originally stood in the Plaza Bolognesi in Lima.  Although it was intended to depict the hero at the moment of his demise, some people interpreted it as a moment of drunken stupor.  Thus, a new statue was commissioned for the plaza and this one was moved to the military museum at the fort.   

Caral

My friend wanted to drive to Trujillo rather than take the bus, so we were able to stop at some random places along the way.  One place that we chose to check out was Caral.  

The archaeological site of Caral is home to 6 stone pyramids and is considered to be the oldest civilization in the Americas.  Dating from 4500-5000 years ago, the Caral civilization was contemporary with some of the oldest civilizations from all over the world-in India, Egypt, Mesopotamia and China.

 

One of the more advanced techniques of the Caral civilization was their understanding of ventilation in the furnaces that they constructed.  I guess the climate must have changed quite a bit in 5000 years because it was SO HOT that I wouldn't have wanted to be anywhere NEAR a furnace!

The lessor pyramid (piramidal menor)  The stone in the front was placed as some sort of an offering. (I didn't quite understand what the guide was saying about it.)

The Great Pyramid (Pirimidal Mayor)

  

Trujillo, Part 2

After my last trip to Trujillo, I learned that there were some things that I didn't get to see on that short trip.  So, when a friend suggested spending my birthday weekend there, I jumped at the chance to check some more things off my list.  Of, course, like the last time, I enjoyed the variety of food Trujillo has to offer while learning about some ancient civilizations and experiencing more Peruvian culture.

On my last trip I saw the Huaca del Sol y la Luna and Chan Chan, both interesting sites representing the Moche and Chimú cultures, respectively.  Since this trip, I had heard of another huaca - the huaca del arco iris o dragon - that it seemed few people had heard of.

Once we got there, I could see why - it's actually a very small site.  (Our whole tour group of 30 people was in and out in 15 minutes!)  The huaca del arco iris o dragon was also comes from the Chimú culture, and had some incredible carvings.  Where Chan Chan was a government center, the huaca was a religious site where the people would pray and make sacrifices to the gods when there was either too much rain or not enough.

As part of the tour, we also toured Chan Chan and I got to see some new parts that I hadn't seen on the first trip, including the tombs of the rulers.  According to our guide, when a ruler died, the servants would be sealed into the tomb with the body and would drink poison in order to accompany their master into the afterlife.

I got to do a few other new things as well.  On a trip to Huanchaco beach, I took a ride on the caballitos de tortoras, the reed boats common to the area.

We also took in a performance of marinera and caballo de paso, another bit of local culture.  It was one of my favorite parts of the trip.  The marinera is such a charming, elegant and romantic dance.  And the caballo de paso is at once powerful and graceful.

Marcona: San Fernando Reserve

One of the other great things about Marcona is its proximity to the San Fernando Reserve.  Anny's uncle arranged a tour for us there and it was one of the best experiences of the trip!  Although it was a long trip through the sand, it was worth every minute.  We saw many different animals and birds and saw some beautiful scenery.

The catedral de San Fernando - a similar rock formation in Paracas was destroyed in the 2007 earthquake, but this one has stood firm. 

This reserve was preserved as a habitat for the sea lions.  We saw many colonies [or pods - I had to look up the name for a group of sea lions!] throughout the day.

I was really excited to finally see penguins...even though it was from quite a height!

As we were watching this colony of sea lions, a large majority of them decided to head out to the sea in a group.  I´m not sure of the actual word for it, but I would describe it as a stampede.  It was amazing to watch.

The water was so clear, it was as if they were swimming in a pool.

The white rock on the right is home to another waddle [colony/rookery - more research] of penguins.

We met a diver who returned with his fresh catch of octopus.

Birds are not really my thing, so I don´t have a clue about these.

I kept trying to catch a picture of the crabs, but they were too fast for me!

Luckily, this pod of sea lions decided to relax quite close to the shore.

It seems some of them were as curious about us as we were of them!